1. Carbon (C): Increases the strength of steel parts, especially their heat treatment performance, but as the carbon content increases, ductility and toughness decrease, and it will affect the cold heading and welding performance of steel parts.
2. Manganese (Mn): Increases the strength of steel parts and improves hardenability to a certain extent. That is, it increases the strength of hardening penetration during quenching. Manganese can also improve surface quality, but too much manganese is detrimental to ductility and weldability, and will affect the control of the plating layer during electroplating.
3. Nickel (Ni): Increases the strength of steel parts, improves toughness at low temperatures, increases resistance to atmospheric corrosion, and can ensure stable heat treatment results and reduce hydrogen embrittlement.
4. Chromium (Cr): Can improve hardenability, improve wear resistance, increase corrosion resistance, and is beneficial for maintaining strength at high temperatures.
5. Molybdenum (Mo): Helps control hardenability, reduces the sensitivity of steel to temper brittleness, and has a great impact on improving tensile strength at high temperatures.
6. Boron (B): Can improve hardenability and helps low-carbon steel to produce the desired response to heat treatment.
7. Vanadium (V): Refines austenite grains and improves toughness.
8. Silicon (Si): Ensures the strength of steel parts, and appropriate content can improve the plasticity and toughness of steel parts.